Chichagov Peter Gavrilovich
(1694 – after 1756)
Wonderful Russian surveyor, researcher of Siberia
and the European part of Russia.
Born in the family of a soldier of the Transfiguration Regiment. His
father identified him in the Navigatsk school, after which Chichagov
entered the Naval Academy in the "geography class", where he showed
great abilities.
In the summer of 1719, he participated in a major military
expedition of Major I. Likharev in the upper reaches of the Irtysh,
according to the results of the shooting of which, with the active
participation of Chichagov in 1720, the first map of the river
appeared at a distance of more than 2000 km. She
also became the first map of Siberia, based on astronomical
observations.
In 1720–1725 Chichagov
led the inventory of the area and made maps of the Tobolsk province
(now Tyumen, Omsk and Novosibirsk regions). He
submitted to the Senate a map of 40 miles in inch with a catalog of
1,100 locations.
In 1725, Chichagov was transferred to Yeniseisk, from where he
carried out filming work for five years. As
a result, a map of the Yenisei region was drawn from the origins of
the Yenisei to the mouth.
Both Pyasina, and Kheta, and Khatanga are plotted on
it. He
mapped the Arctic coast
of the Kara Sea from the mouth of the Yenisei to the mouth of
Pyasina 10–15
years earlier than the Great Northern Expedition. On
this map there are Chichagov and nearby islands, which are now
called Kamenny, Kolchak (Rastorguev) and Morzhovo. East
of Lake Pyasino, the mountain range “The Stone of the Norilsk” is
shown, as well as the Taimura River for the first time. The
map of the Yenisei Territory of 1730 and the catalog of 648
settlements on the territory of the present Krasnoyarsk Territory
attached to it are the most valuable historical monument of the
development of Siberia. In
subsequent years, Chichagov led the mapping of the Volga, Ural and
Kama rivers.
Unfortunately, most of his maps did not survive, and only in the
late 1960s - early 1970s were they able to obtain copies of them
from the Paris National Library.
The coast of the
Taimyr Peninsula from Cape Northeast in the west to Cape Entrance in
the east. Named
in 1973 by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR. |