Outstanding Soviet hydrobiologist, hydrologist and zoologist.
Born in St. Petersburg in the family of a lawyer. Until 1896 he lived in Pskov, where he graduated from the gymnasium.
From his youth, Deryugin showed an interest in the knowledge of the animal world. Already in his first year at St. Petersburg University, in which he enrolled in 1897, Deryugin published his first scientific work on the birds of the Pskov province. During these years, he began his long journeys: to the Ob, southwestern Transcaucasia, and Asia Minor, whose main purpose was to study the fauna. The results of the trips, as a rule, were recorded by him in the form of scientific publications.
In 1899, Derugin traveled around the White Sea and in Lapland. This region, as well as the Barents Sea, were the objects of its expeditionary research in subsequent years.
In 1900, Deryugin brilliantly graduated from the university and was left at the department of zoology and comparative anatomy of vertebrates.Thanks to independent training, he mastered the courses of hydrology, hydrobiology and ichthyology, which at that time were not taught in Russian higher education. He paid special attention to studying the fauna of the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea.
In the period 1900–1907 Deryugin made a number of foreign trips, the purpose of which was to get acquainted with the methods of research of the best foreign zoologists and popularize domestic, including his own scientific achievements. He considered it necessary to move from temporary, seasonal expeditionary work to stationary observations. Much effort and time was given to them to organize and equip the Murmansk Biological Station, as well as to build specialized research vessels.In January 1909, Deryugin was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree for his efforts in organizing the Murmansk Biological Station and building the research vessel "Alexander Kovalevsky".
Since 1910, Deryugin combined scientific and teaching work at St. Petersburg University. In 1915 he received the degree of Doctor of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy.The basis of his dissertation was the materials on the Kola Bay.
World and Civil wars forced to interrupt expeditionary work on reservoirs, during this period his teaching activity came to the fore. In 1917 he became an associate professor, and the following year a professor at Petrograd University. In 1929, Derugin organized a department of hydrobiology and ichthyology at Leningrad University, which he managed until the end of his life.
From 1924 to 1931, Deryugin headed the Peterhof Biological Institute and attracted many university professors to his work. He has always been an enthusiast of creating natural science museums, giving them a huge scientific and educational role.
After the end of the civil war, Derugin launched extensive research in the Neva Bay and the Gulf of Finland, and then on the Kola Peninsula, the White and Barents Seas.
After 1925, his gaze turned to the poorly studied seas of the Far East, where research has acquired a large scale. The Pacific Fisheries and Oceanography Research Institute was organized, the first director of which was Deryugin. His work on the Far Eastern seas amounted to a whole era in the history of marine research. In 1935 Deriugin was awarded the degree of Doctor of Biological Sciences.

The works of Deryugin were marked by numerous scientific awards. Among them is the gold medal of the Petersburg Society of Naturalists; Ilyenkov Prize; Great Makariev Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences for research on the Barents Sea (1917); Prize of the National Commissariat of Education; Litke Medal (1925). He was an honorary member of the Society of Naturalists (in Petrograd - Leningrad) and a lifelong member of the Linean Society in Lyon (France).

Konstantin Mikhailovich Deryugin died suddenly in Moscow, returning from a scientific meeting. Death overtook him at the time of his prime, on the crest of a creative ascent. A few days before, scientists in Leningrad and Moscow called him a worthy candidate for full members of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
Buried in Leningrad on Literary footbridge Volkovsky cemetery. Gravestone - granite stela-rock.
Bay in the north-west of the island. George Land Archipelago Franz Josef Land. Named by Soviet cartographers in the 1950s.
Bay in the northeast of the island Bolshevik of the archipelago Severnaya Zemlya. Opened Hydrographic expedition of the Arctic Ocean 1910–1915 on the icebreakers "Taimyr" and "Vaigach" in 1913. Named in the 1920s.
Salt lagoon-type lake on the coast of Rusanov Bay on the Kara coast of the northern island of Novaya Zemlya. Named in 1925 by the expedition of the Institute for the Study of the North under the leadership of R.L. Samoylovich.