Lappo Sergey Dmitrievich
(13.08.1895-21.07.1972)
Russian
naval sailor, hydrograph, arctic explorer.
Born in a family of teachers from Krasnoyarsk. His
father, who graduated from Kazan University, came to Siberia for
participating in student riots.This circumstance very complicated
the life of the young man who decided to enter the elite noble
educational institution, which trained officers for the military
fleet - the Imperial Naval Corps. Nevertheless,
he succeeded, and in 1916, at the height of the First World War, the
young midshipman Lappo was assigned to the battleship Tsesarevich. This
was the last edition of the Marine Corps.
The
“Tsesarevich” battleship is one of the honored ships of the
Russian fleet, famous in the years of the Russian-Japanese war. On
this ship, at the Moonsund cliffs, the young midshipman was baptized
in battle.
After the revolution, many surviving officers of the fleet left
their homeland forever, but Lappo stayed in Russia without thinking. Even
during the fighting at Ezel, he met the famous B.A. Vilkitsky,
and this acquaintance largely determined his fate. He
decided to devote his life to the Arctic.
In 1920, Lappo took part in the Siberian Bread Expedition, the
purpose of which was to deliver food from Siberia to the northern
regions of Pomorye. It
was reloaded from river vessels to sea vessels that came from
Arkhangelsk in the Ob
Bay in an unequipped
bay, with shallow and open winds. The
crews of the steamer "Orlik" and the barge "Pur", which was part of
the Ob Hydrographic Party, were assigned to search for a more
suitable place. The
group was headed by an experienced polar navigator A.I. Osipov,
under whose leadership Lappo began his long service in the Arctic. Small
fragile craft with the risk of being thrown on stones managed to
carry out hydrographic work and find a fairly spacious and deep bay
protected from the sea. The
new reloading place was named New
Port. However,
three years passed before the moment when the New Port was able to
receive the ocean-going steamer. All
this time, Lappo and his comrades in the hydrographic detachment
provided measurements of construction work.
Shortly thereafter, Lappo became an assistant to the head of the
Kara expeditions, then conducted hydrographic work in the Gydan Bay
and in the construction of ports in Igarka and Tiksi,
in 1933 headed the hydrological detachment of the Leno-Khatanga
expedition on the Pioner motorboat, which conducted valuable
observations in the Northvik Bay, Khatanga
Bay and the Lena Delta.
In 1936, Lappo supervised the hydrographic work on the “political
owner” schooner off the east coast of Novaya Zemlya. The
studies carried out by this expedition are by their significance on
a par with the studies of P.K. Pakhtusov, V.A. Rusanov, R.
L. Samoylovich. Many
kilometers of the eastern
coast of the northern island of Novaya Zemlya, islands, straits,
bays were put on the map. One
of the bays was named after this glorious little boat. Unfortunately,
the flight of the "Politotdelitsa" was the only one. In
the winter of 1937, he hit the rocks near Kolguev
Island.
Since 1938, Lappo began his work at the Arctic Institute, where
he headed the "service of ice and weather". He
published several dozens of scientific papers; during the war years
he defended his PhD thesis, in which he developed a new method for
predicting ice cover based on autumn meteorological signs. But,
of course, not only science occupied Lappo in difficult wartime. He
worked at the headquarters of the naval installations of the
Northern Sea Route, providing naval troop transports and warships in
the warring North.
After the war, during 1946–1957 Lappo
participated in the ice reconnaissance. After
moving to Moscow, he completely switched to scientific work: he
became a professor, a lecturer at Moscow University, the chairman of
the hydrological commission of the Geographical Society of the USSR,
the editor of the scientific collections "Oceans and the Sea" and
"World Ocean".
He died in Moscow, buried in the Pyatnitsky
cemetery.
The peninsula in
the Laptev Sea on the Taimyr Peninsula and the cape north
of Pronchishcheva Bay on Taimyr. Named
at the suggestion of the Khatanga hydro base, the Khatanga district
council and the Hydrographic Enterprise of the Ministry of the
Marine Fleet. The names were approved by a decision of the
Krasnoyarsk Regional Executive Committee of March 2, 1973.
Cape in
the north-west of the Small Begichev island in the Laptev Sea. |