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Helland-Hansen Bjorn
(16.10.1877–07.09.1957)
His education began with the study of medicine. During his studies, he took part in an expedition led by Christian Birkeland to Northern Norway, whose goal was to study the northern lights. On the expedition I froze my fingers, some of which had to be amputated. After this expedition, Helland-Hansen showed an interest in oceanography, which he began to study in Copenhagen under the leadership of Martin Knudsen. In 1900, when he started to work as an assistant hydrograph in Bergen, Helland-Hansen worked for a long time with F. Nansen, who worked as a zoologist at the Bergen Museum. From 1900 to 1905, they made several voyages on a purpose-built research vessel “Michael Sars”, mainly in the Norwegian Sea. The result of these studies was their joint work “The Norwegian Sea”. In 1905, Helland-Hansen published the book "The Hydrography of the Faeroe-Shetland Channel", where he derived a formula for calculating the velocity of sea currents, now known as the Helland-Hansen formula. For many years he was director of the biological station of the Bergen Museum, where his merit, in particular, was a combination of research on physical oceanography and marine biology. For some time the future captain of the expedition V.A. Rusanov A.S. Kuchin. Helland-Hansen acted as his guarantor on admission to the expedition of R. Amundsen, sent to the Antarctic. The great merit of Helland-Hansen is the development photometer, later named after him. The photometer was included in the composition of the scientific equipment “Michael Sars” and was first used at a depth of about 500 m in the region of the Azores. In 1915, Helland-Hansen was appointed professor of oceanography at the Bergen Museum, and in 1917 he was appointed director of the Geophysical Institute at the museum. From 1936 to 1945 he headed the International Physical Oceanography Association, and from 1946 to 1948 - the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. Scientific achievements of Helland-Hansen were marked in 1936 by the Cross of St. Olav, and in 1946 he became the commander of the Order for his contribution to the development of the Bergen Museum. He died in Bergen. The island (Gelland-Hansen) near the coast of Taimyr south-west of Cape Vega and Lena. Discovered and described in 1742 by S.I. Chelyuskin. The modern name first appeared on the map of R. Amundsen's expedition of 1918-1920. |
