Nosilov Konstantin Dmitrievich
(17(29).10.1858–03.02.1923)
An
ethnographer, a researcher of the North, a talented Democrat writer.
Born in Siberia, in the village Maslyansky near Shadrinsk in the
family of a priest.
In 1868 Nosilov entered a religious school, where the children
of priests were accepted. In
the curriculum, much attention was paid to the law of God and other
church disciplines. In
the monastery, under the roof of which the school was located, there
was a large library, and an inquisitive boy who grew up in
communication with nature took books on geography and natural
science in it. Passion
for travel originated from his childhood.
After graduating from college Nosilov went to Perm and entered
the seminary with the intention to continue his education at the
university in the capital. However,
his plans failed. Strangely
enough, the future talented researcher and writer was expelled from
the seminary for "non-meeting". Thoughts
about the university had to leave.
Now the dream of traveling and natural science research, which
was dormant in Nosilov, could be satisfied. He
began his activities at the Theological Plants in the Perm province,
which needed new developments in iron ore deposits. Here
Nosilov spent about three years, successfully engaged in geological
surveys, which allowed exploring new deposits, excavating mounds,
collecting botanical and zoological collections, and hydrographic
research. He
paid much attention to ethnographic observations of the life of the
local population.
Winter 1882–1883 Nosilov
spent in St. Petersburg, devoting her to establishing relations with
the capital's scientific societies and preparing for his planned
trip to the Northern Urals, which he set off in the spring of 1883. Reaching
Berezov, he sailed on the boats 500 miles and settled in one of the
villages, which became the basis of his many and long hikes. In
the village of Nosilov, he arranged a meteorological station, having
equipped it according to the instructions of the Main Physical
Observatory. In
the winter of 1884 he made a difficult transition through the Ural
Mountains. It
was during this period that Nosilov got the idea of creating a
caravan route through the Urals, perhaps laying a railway. He
published his views on this issue in several articles.
After working in the Berezovsky Territory, Nosilov moved to Obdorsk
(Salekhard), got acquainted with the life of the local
population, visited a trade fair, and then went to Petersburg by a
troika of his own deer. In
the capital and Moscow, he published reports on his research, made
presentations at meetings of various scientific societies, and
handed over geological collections to the museum of the Mining
Institute.
In 1886 his first trip abroad took place, which included visits
to Palestine, Egypt and Turkey, and in the spring of next year the
tireless traveler began preparations for wintering on Novaya Zemlya. The
Imperial Russian Geographical Society, of which he was a member,
instructed Nosilov to study the human condition in this archipelago. It
was a task of national importance, connected with the need for
Russian industrialists to colonize Novaya Zemlya and protect it from
foreign expansion. Nosilov
was given the opportunity to settle in the colony of Malye
Karmakuly, where he spent three winterings. His
research has played a large role in strengthening Russia's position
in the European North, has enriched scientific ideas about this
land, and his talented written stories introduced the broad masses
of readers to the North. Nosilov
became widely known both in Russia and abroad as a researcher. On
his expedition many articles were published in the domestic and
foreign press. The
talent of Nosilov-fiction writer was noted by A.P. Chekhov,
D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak,
L.N. Tolstoy.
House Nosilova on New Earth
(photo by K.D. Nosilov)
|
Strait Matochkin Shar
(photo by K.D. Nosilov) |
In the 1890s Nosilov’s attention was riveted on the Ob of Ob, to the
Yamal Peninsula, through which he made many research trips. During
this period, his ability to think big once again manifested itself. He
came up with the idea of connecting the Baydaratskaya
and Ob lips with the
canal, which he conceived in Novaya Zemlya, in order to avoid
navigation on the Arctic Kara Sea.
In the early years of Soviet power Nosilov took part in the
preparation of an expedition to Yamal, planned by government decree. Due
to deteriorating health, he and his family moved south to Abkhazia,
to the town of Pilenkovo (now Gantiadi), but his days were numbered.
He was buried in the local village cemetery at
the ancient temple of Tandripsh.
Mountain on
the south-west coast of Matochkina Shar. Called
in April 1925 by the Commission Northern Hidrographical expedition.
A stream that flows
into Chekina Bay in the east of the northern island of Novaya
Zemlya. Named
in 1901 by A.A. Borisov. |