Spindler Joseph Bernardovich
(1848–1919)
The
famous Russian oceanographer and meteorologist, Lieutenant-General
Corps of hydrographs.
Born in the Minsk province. After
graduating from high school in Slutsk in 1867, he was called up for
military service, starting it as a naval cadet.Spindler spent five
years sailing the Baltic and Black Seas, training abroad trips, and
received an officer’s rank. From
1872 to 1874 he
attended a course at the Nikolaev Maritime Academy, after which he
was seconded by the maritime ministry for classes at the Main
Physical Observatory, where he was assigned to manage the daily
meteorological bulletin and weather prediction department. The
start of Spindler's research on the development of storm warning
techniques dates back to this period. He
published his first scientific work, The Paths of Storms in Europe,
which was at the same time one of the first on this issue in
general. Then
Spindler published in the Maritime Collection and in the
publications of the Main Physical Observatory materials of research
related to marine meteorology.
In 1884, the Maritime Office recalled Spindler from the Main
Physical Observatory and sent it to the Main Hydrographic Office to
supervise the meteorological unit. At
the same time, he began teaching physical geography at the Naval
Cadet Corps, and from 1888 began to lecture on the same subject at
the Nikolaev Maritime Academy. The
activities of Spindler in the Main Hydrographic Office contributed
to the development of hydro-meteorological services on the seas and
the satisfaction of practical issues of navigation. With
his active participation, weather stations were opened in the
Caspian, Baltic, Black, Azov seas and the Pacific Ocean. Spindler
was the initiator of the publication of "Notes on Hydrography" and
was their first editor. In
1887, on his initiative and under his editorship, the publication of
Notes on Hydrography was resumed, interrupted in 1852.
For more than 25 years, Spindler actively collaborated in the
Meteorological Commission of the Imperial Russian Geographical
Society, and in the editorial board of Meteorological Bulletin.
Since 1888, Spindler’s scientific activity has moved to another
branch of physical geography — oceanography. From
1890, under his leadership several expeditions were equipped to
explore the seas and lakes; so,
in 1890 and 1891. on
the initiative of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, and
with the assistance of the Ministry of the Navy, oceanographic
studies of the Black and Azov Seas were carried out, which provided
very important information about these basins; then
in 1894, studies were conducted under the general leadership of
Spindler, the Sea of Marmara, in the summer of 1895, Lake Peipsi,
and finally, in 1897, the Karabugaz Bay of the Caspian Sea.The
results of each of these expeditions were printed by Spindler first
with brief information, and then published full reports.
In 1907 Spindler took the post of deputy chief of
the
Main Hydrographic Department. In
1915 he published his book "Hydrology of the Sea (Oceanography)". Edited
by Spindler published four issues of the “Collection of
Hydrometeorological Observations” and atlases of the winds of the
Black and Japanese Seas.
Information about how and where he ended his life path, could not
be found. It
is only known that his wife, Elena Andreevna Spindler, died in Nice
in 1950 at the age of 91.
The tract, the lake and the river to
the east of the village of Amderma. The
name came from the bay, named by A.I. Varnek. Later,
when refining the coastline of this bay, it did not appear. |