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Tyndall John
(02.08.1820 - 04.12.1893)
Born in Lilin Bridge, Ireland. After graduating from high school in 1839, for three years he worked as a surveyor-surveyor in military organizations, and then until 1847 on the construction of railways. Combining work and study, Tyndall graduated from the Preston Mechanical Institute in 1844. In 1847-1848 and 1851-1853. taught at Queenwood College in Hampshire. In order to deepen his professional knowledge, he was in 1848-1851. attended courses in physics at Marburg and Berlin universities. Upon returning to England in 1853, Tyndall was appointed professor of physics at the Royal Institution in London. From that time began his versatile and prolific scientific activities. During the years 1856-1859. He studied glaciers in the Alps; in 1872, he gave a series of lectures in America. Starting in 1867, Tyndall became head of the Royal Institute. Tyndall's scientific achievements were awarded the Rumford Medal, in 1852 he became a member of the Royal Physical Society. The first scientific work Tyndall dealt with the question of diamagnetism, to which he devoted a number of other studies. Later, he took up the problems of acoustics and sound absorption in the atmosphere, light absorption in pairs, especially water, the theory of sensitive flames, issues of the structure and movement of glaciers. However, the main merit of Tyndall was his loud activity in the popularization of science. Possessing a rare lecturer talent and extraordinary art of the experimenter, he created a whole era with his brilliant folk lectures in physics and is rightly considered the father of the modern popular lecture. For the first time, his lectures were accompanied by brilliant and diverse experiments and a multitude of experiments that are now included in the ordinary course of physics; all subsequent popularizers of physics followed in the footsteps of Tyndall. Almost all the courses of his lectures were published in separate essays and translated into many languages, including Russian. He died in Hynd Head, Surrey, England. He was buried in St. Bartholomeus Cemetery in Halsmere, Surrey. The ice dome in the northwest of the island of Wilczek Land archipelago Franz Josef Land. |
